Why a browser will not play your SRT
HTML5 video supports exactly one caption format in the <track> element, and that format is WebVTT. If you point a track at an SRT file, nothing appears, and the browser console rarely explains why. The same applies to most JavaScript video players built on top of the native element, to Vimeo uploads and to many course platforms, which validate the file and reject anything that does not start with the WEBVTT header.
The change needed is small. A VTT file begins with the line WEBVTT, followed by a blank line. Timestamps use a full stop before the milliseconds instead of the comma SRT uses. Cue numbers are optional in VTT, so the converter keeps them as cue identifiers, which is valid and harmless. The caption text itself does not change. Doing this by hand in a text editor is possible but tedious for a file with several hundred cues, and a single missed comma is enough for the player to drop the rest of the track.